Tunnel–framed building interaction: comparison between raft and separate footing foundations

In this paper, the influence of foundation configuration (raft or separate footings) on tunnel–soil–framed building interaction is investigated using geotechnical centrifuge testing. Tunnelling-induced soil movements and deformation fields, framed displacements structure shear distortions (with associated modification factors) are illustrated. Framed stiffness footing bearing capacity also evaluated experimentally. Results show that plays an important role in determining ground response to tunnelling, affecting displacement as well distribution volumetric strains. particular, settlements differential horizontal larger for footings compared raft foundations. The effects width, weight eccentricity respect tunnel) structural quantified contrasted against results factor maximum distortion linked relative soil–building stiffness; interestingly, buildings with similar values stiffness, level within lower than rafts.